Fundamentals of Nursing
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Maintaining homeostasis is dependent on proper fluid volume and electrolyte concentrations.
Fluid Volume Deficit
- Signs: Tachycardia, hypotension, poor skin turgor, dry mucous membranes.
- Labs: Elevated Hct, elevated BUN/Creatinine ratio.
- Nursing: Increase oral fluids, monitor I&O, daily weights.
Fluid Volume Excess
- Signs: Edema, crackles in lungs, distended neck veins, hypertension.
- Nursing: Sodium restriction, fluid restriction, administer diuretics as ordered.
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