Medical Surgical Nursing II
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
An acute metabolic complication of Type 1 Diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.
Key Assessment Findings
- Blood glucose >250 mg/dL
- Presence of ketones in urine and blood
- Kussmaul respirations (deep, rapid breathing)
- Fruity, acetone-smelling breath
Nursing Priorities
- Administer IV fluid resuscitation (0.9% Normal Saline first)
- Administer regular insulin via IV infusion
- Monitor potassium levels closely during insulin therapy
- Assess neurological status frequently to monitor for cerebral edema
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