Pathophysiology
Chronic Kidney Disease
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is the progressive, irreversible loss of kidney function, defined by a GFR <60 mL/min/1.73m² for 3 months or longer.
Pathophysiology
- Nephron loss leads to decreased glomerular filtration
- Impaired electrolyte excretion causing hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia
- Decreased erythropoietin production leading to anemia
- Uremic frost and fluid volume overload
Nursing Management
- Monitor daily weights and strict intake/output
- Implement low-protein, low-potassium, and low-sodium diet
- Administer phosphate binders with meals
- Monitor BP for hypertension secondary to fluid retention
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