Psychiatric Nursing
Extrapyramidal Side Effects (EPS)
EPS are drug-induced movement disorders caused by antipsychotic medications.
Types of EPS
- Acute Dystonia: Muscle rigidity, neck/jaw contractions (crisis).
- Akathisia: Subjective feeling of restlessness, inability to sit still.
- Pseudoparkinsonism: Mask-like face, shuffling gait, tremors.
- Tardive Dyskinesia: Involuntary movements of tongue/lips (often irreversible).
Nursing Considerations
- Assess using AIMS scale regularly.
- Administer anticholinergic agents (e.g., benztropine) for dystonia.
- Notify provider immediately of any new involuntary movements.
- Differentiate akathisia from psychotic agitation.
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