Maternal-Newborn
Gestational Diabetes
A form of diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy that typically resolves after childbirth but increases risk for future type 2 diabetes.
Screening and Diagnosis
- 1-hour glucose challenge test at 24-28 weeks gestation
- 3-hour glucose tolerance test used for diagnostic confirmation
- Target fasting blood glucose usually < 95 mg/dL
Fetal Risks
- Macrosomia (birth weight > 4000g)
- Hypoglycemia immediately after birth
- Respiratory distress syndrome
- Polycythemia
Management
- Dietary control and regular physical activity
- Blood glucose monitoring
- Insulin therapy if glycemic control is not achieved with diet
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