Pharmacology
Opioid Analgesics
Opioids are potent analgesics used for moderate to severe pain, acting on CNS opioid receptors.
Safety and Assessment
- Assess respiratory rate before and after administration.
- Hold dose if respiratory rate is less than 12 breaths per minute.
- Naloxone is the reversal agent for opioid-induced respiratory depression.
- Monitor for constipation; initiate bowel regimen proactively.
Administration
- Use caution in patients with head injuries (increased ICP risk).
- Implement fall precautions, especially in older adults (orthostatic hypotension).
- Evaluate pain effectiveness 30-60 minutes post-administration.
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