Anatomy & Physiology
Glucose Homeostasis
Blood glucose regulation relies on the antagonistic effects of insulin and glucagon on the liver and peripheral tissues.
Regulatory Hormones
- Insulin: Secreted by pancreatic beta cells; facilitates glucose uptake into cells and promotes glycogenesis.
- Glucagon: Secreted by pancreatic alpha cells; stimulates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver.
- Cortisol and Epinephrine: Counter-regulatory hormones that increase blood glucose during stress.
Clinical Monitoring
- Monitor for hypoglycemia (sweating, tremors, confusion) when insulin levels are high.
- Assess for hyperglycemia symptoms (polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia) in diabetic patients.
- Check HbA1c for long-term glycemic control assessment (previous 90-120 days).
Like what you see?
Subscribe to unlock all 360 Study Cards and 15,000+ flashcards, track your progress, and study anywhere.