Microbiology
Gram Stain Differentiation
Gram staining is a foundational diagnostic technique used to categorize bacteria based on cell wall composition.
Gram-Positive Bacteria
- Thick peptidoglycan layer retains crystal violet stain.
- Appear purple/blue under microscope.
- Common examples: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Clostridium.
Gram-Negative Bacteria
- Thin peptidoglycan layer with outer lipopolysaccharide membrane.
- Appear pink/red after safranin counterstain.
- Common examples: E. coli, Pseudomonas, Neisseria.
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