Introduction to Organic Chemistry
Oxidation and Reduction in Metabolism
Redox reactions are the driving force behind energy metabolism and the detoxification of xenobiotics in the body.
Redox Concepts
- Oxidation: Gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen/electrons.
- Reduction: Gain of hydrogen/electrons or loss of oxygen.
- Coenzymes like NAD+ and FAD serve as essential electron carriers in cellular respiration.
Pharmacokinetic Relevance
- Cytochrome P450 enzymes utilize redox reactions to make hydrophobic drugs more polar for excretion.
- Oxidative stress: Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage proteins and DNA, contributing to aging and disease.
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