Introduction to Organic Chemistry
Carbohydrates and Glycosidic Linkages
Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones that provide primary energy for cellular metabolism.
Classification
- Monosaccharides: Simple sugars like glucose and fructose.
- Disaccharides: Two units linked by glycosidic bonds (e.g., sucrose, lactose).
- Polysaccharides: Complex chains like glycogen and starch.
Nursing Considerations
- Glycemic index reflects the rate of digestion and blood glucose impact.
- Inability to hydrolyze certain glycosidic bonds (e.g., lactose intolerance) leads to osmotic diarrhea.
Metabolic Pathway
- Glucose enters the glycolytic pathway for ATP production, regulated by insulin and glucagon.
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