Pharmacology
Anticonvulsants: Phenytoin
Phenytoin is a primary maintenance drug for generalized tonic-clonic seizures, requiring strict therapeutic monitoring due to its narrow therapeutic index.
Administration Guidelines
- Therapeutic serum range is strictly 10-20 mcg/mL.
- Administer with food to reduce gastric irritation, but keep intake consistent to avoid absorption issues.
- Never mix with other intravenous medications; flush lines with normal saline only.
Nursing Assessment
- Observe for signs of toxicity: nystagmus, ataxia, and confusion.
- Perform regular oral care to manage potential gingival hyperplasia.
- Encourage consistent follow-up for serum level monitoring.
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